What is sin?

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benstenson
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Re: What is sin?

Post by benstenson » Sun Jul 10, 2011 5:16 pm

Paidion wrote:Ben, in general I agree far more with you than with Dseusy. But there are a couple of matters you may wish to consider. I can't find it, but I remember your saying that God doesn't hold us responsible if we do wrong unintentionally. Please consider the following Greek word, and our Lord's words in Matthew 6:14,15 in which He indicates the necessity of forgiveness even for people's blunders:


παραπτωμα paraptōma — FALLING BESIDE, a false step, a blunder

Matt 6:14,15 For if you forgive people their blunders, your heavenly Father also will forgive you; but if you do not forgive people their blunders, neither will your Father forgive your blunders.
I understand what you mean. From my perspective it doesn't seem as literal or as psychologically descriptive as you take it to be. I only have a couple Greek dictionaries in a Bible program I have - they both include sin as a definition for paraptoma. I'm sure not all dictionaries agree. It does not seem like the word necessarily implies a voluntary falling beside or an involuntary falling beside. To me it seems open to be applied to sin.

More importantly, it would be unjust for God to condemn anyone for an honest mistake. It would be unnecessary for the Lord to suffer and die for mere mistakes and unnecessary for God to forgive mistakes. However, if we were unlike God and condemned others for mistakes, then God would justly condemn us for this deliberate "mistake".
The second and more important matter with which I disagree is your belief in Christ's death as a substitution for us so that the Father took out His wrath on His Son instead of us. Is this justice? Would you be "satisfied" that justice was done, if your son A did something very wicked against the family's rules, and you let him off the hook because you punished your righteous son B instead?
What you described sounds kind of like the Calvinist penal substitution view which I do not agree with. I do not believe believe God had to vent emotional anger on someone before He could forgive. I do not believe God was angry or wrathful with His son. I do not believe Jesus was "punished" (because He was not guilty) but rather that He was sacrificed.

I'm still studying about the Lord's atonement and God's wisdom in taking this course of action, but at this point my view would probably be the "governmental" or the "moral government view" of the atonement. Are you familiar with this view? I mainly learned about it through Charles Finney's writings. As far as I can tell, it is compatible with many other atonement views, just not the Calvinist/antinomian views.

I would be interested to understand your view, and whether you think the governmental perspective is compatible with your view. I don't think the governmental view fully articulates the purpose atonement but it is a good start in my opinion.
"out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field and every bird of the heavens and brought them to the man to see what he would call them" (Gen 2:19)

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Paidion
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Re: What is sin?

Post by Paidion » Sun Jul 10, 2011 5:46 pm

Thank you, Ben, for your clarification of both my objections. I'm glad that you don't hold to the penal substitution view as I thought you did.

I have checked Augustus Strong's Systemetic Theology and was unable to find "The Moral Government Theory" of the atonement. I did find "The Moral Influence Theory" (or "The Bushnellain Theory") of the atonement. I also found "The Governmental Theory" (or "The Grotian Theory") of the atonement. Is "The Moral Government Theory" identical to either of these?

Perhaps you could explain the main idea of the theory. Then later I'll describe my own understanding.
Paidion

Man judges a person by his past deeds, and administers penalties for his wrongdoing. God judges a person by his present character, and disciplines him that he may become righteous.

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Paidion
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Re: What is sin?

Post by Paidion » Sun Jul 10, 2011 5:56 pm

Okay, I just looked up "The Moral Government Theory of Atonement" on Wikipedia, and see that it is in fact the Grotian view. I will comment more about this as well as express my own view at a later time.
Paidion

Man judges a person by his past deeds, and administers penalties for his wrongdoing. God judges a person by his present character, and disciplines him that he may become righteous.

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benstenson
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Re: What is sin?

Post by benstenson » Sun Jul 10, 2011 6:16 pm

dseusy wrote:Choosing to love God and your neighbor and following your conscience are things you should do. When you state that you are not failing morally, we may want to clarify this a bit... in the context of our conversation, morals are God's commands. I feel this is important to clarify because of love. God is love and His commands all spring from love, from Him. Love never fails, rejoices with the truth, and does not act improperly (it is strong, knowledgeable, and mature). If we reduce God's commands or His love to a human level, aren't we compromising? Love never fails. Love the Lord your God and your neighbor as HE loves them. This is the command. There are no mulligans, exceptions, or immunities under law.

"for it is not the hearers of the Law who are just before God, but the doers of the Law will be justified." Romans 2:13

If we fail to do, we are condemned under law. God's law is just. A failure to love is not fulfilling the law, regardless of the reason (weakness, or immaturity). To be carnally minded results in hostility toward God (Romans 8).
Love is an act of the will. Our wills have the capability to aim for an ultimate goal or end. Every subordinate act of the will is governed by this ultimate intention or motive. Love is when the ultimate intention of the will is the highest possible well-being of God and His kingdom. This is also called benevolence, which means good will (bene(ficial) + vol(untary)). The well-being (or happiness) of God and His kingdom is intrinsically valuable and should therefore be willed for its own sake. A loving heart or will is the good tree that cannot bear bad fruit. If our ultimate intention is truly the happiness of God and neighbor, then it would be impossible for us to knowingly sin by commission or omission against God or neighbor.

For a more thorough explanation of moral obligation, moral law, love, benevolence you could read Finney's Systematic Theology (pdf with bookmarks) - specifically the lectures on moral government and moral obligation. Finney is challenging but I think you could understand it and really benefit from it. I read it a few years ago. It would keep me up all night sometimes because it was answering so many questions I had about sin and law.
I agree there is a difference between the Law of Moses and some of God's other laws. In the Old Testament it was required to eat no unclean animal. In the New Testament God showed Peter that this had changed. However, Jesus expanded the Law of Moses, or heightened it before He died to fulfill it.

The big picture of obedience to God is belief. You believe that God exists and you believe He gave us commands. Keep the commands as they are written without changing the requirement.

Concerning what law the apostles refer to: study the word law in the original language and its context. They speak of Jewish law when it states it so, not as though the appearance of temporal law universally labels all applicable law as the Law of Moses. Perhaps we should start a different discussion with this focus.
I don't get it. Are you talking like a Judaizer here? I don't need to abstain from pork or whatever.
If Jesus didn't fulfill my obligation under law, why does Paul state:

"More than that, I count all things to be loss in view of the surpassing value of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them but rubbish so that I may gain Christ, and may be found in Him, not having a righteousness of my own derived from the Law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which comes from God on the basis of faith" Philippians 3:8-9
You quoted this earlier:

not having my own righteousness, which is from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith" Philippians 3:8-9
Not being legalistically righteous through the law in spite of being an enemy of God, but being truly righteous having been convinced by the truth and being forgiven of past sins.

Or not being legalistically righteous through the law in spite of having sinned before, but being truly righteous having repented and having been forgiven.

Or not being automatically righteous because I am a Jew and follow the Jews laws, but believing Jesus about the righteousness of love and conforming my heart to this way.

The only problems that surround the law are faithless legalism, Jewish elitism, and trying to be forgiven through present obedience. I'm pretty sure most if not all my interpretations of such passages follow one or more of those concepts. There are some passages where I am not sure which one exactly it is about. But there are no passages where I interpret them to teach lawlessness.

"He saved us, not on the basis of deeds which we have done in righteousness, but according to His mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewing by the Holy Spirit" Titus 3:5
This should be easy to understand since you understand what I was saying about our past sins and guilt. Only God's grace can remove our past guilt. Nothing can remove present guilt because it is from present sin.
I get the righteousness that comes from God because Jesus fulfilled my obligation under law. "Having" is present tense in Philippians. I still have it. I will till I die, through faith, by grace.
If we don't repent of sin we will definitely go to hell like we deserve. We can be forgiven if we sin but only if we repent. Please do read Smock's "Walking in the Spirit" commentary on Romans 6,7,8.
Which New Testament commands are not part of the "law of Christ" or "law of love" as you understand it?
Huh? The law of Christ is love. It is the OT Jewish rituals and such that are no longer binding. As far as I know this has always been the belief of the mainstream churches throughout the world. Not that that makes it correct automatically, but are you not familiar with it?
"out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field and every bird of the heavens and brought them to the man to see what he would call them" (Gen 2:19)

steve7150
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Re: What is sin?

Post by steve7150 » Sun Jul 10, 2011 7:05 pm

My understanding of an exhortation is to incite, urge, or encourage. I don't believe that we are judged for exhortations... we are judged for commands, but an exhortation is not a penalty related thing.





OK Dseusy thanks for answering as i know you are busy here. I would like to know though what would you consider to be Jesus commands and how would we be judged as to how well we followed these commands? Thanks.

dseusy
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Re: What is sin?

Post by dseusy » Mon Jul 11, 2011 1:28 am

Benstenson,

You wrote:
I don't get it. Are you talking like a Judaizer here? I don't need to abstain from pork or whatever.
What I was trying to say is the Law of Moses was fulfilled by Jesus and so we are not bound to that law... we are no longer under it. But if we are under a "law of love" where to love is a prerequisite for salvation, we are responsible to obey it. Wasn't the Law of Moses a law of love? What were the greatest commandments? Have these changed? Jesus changed "love your neighbor as you love yourself" to "love your neighbor as I love you". These sum up the law and the prophets... to love. Do you see the connection between laws? Do you recognize the penalty for disobedience to these laws? Does the "law of Christ" or "law of love" carry a penalty? If it is sin and the penalty is spiritual death, what will save us? Under the Law of Moses there were sacrifices required... later we realize these sacrifices didn't completely absolve the sinner, but Christ's death ultimately atoned for their sin.

"The law is only a shadow of the good things that are coming--not the realities themselves. For this reason it can never, by the same sacrifices repeated endlessly year after year, make perfect those who draw near to worship. 2 If it could, would they not have stopped being offered? For the worshipers would have been cleansed once for all, and would no longer have felt guilty for their sins. 3 But those sacrifices are an annual reminder of sins, 4 because it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins. 5 Therefore, when Christ came into the world, he said: "Sacrifice and offering you did not desire, but a body you prepared for me; 6 with burnt offerings and sin offerings you were not pleased. 7 Then I said, 'Here I am--it is written about me in the scroll-- I have come to do your will, O God.' " 8 First he said, "Sacrifices and offerings, burnt offerings and sin offerings you did not desire, nor were you pleased with them" (although the law required them to be made). 9 Then he said, "Here I am, I have come to do your will." He sets aside the first to establish the second. 10 And by that will, we have been made holy through the sacrifice of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 11 Day after day every priest stands and performs his religious duties; again and again he offers the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. 12 But when this priest had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God. 13 Since that time he waits for his enemies to be made his footstool, 14 because by one sacrifice he has made perfect forever those who are being made holy. 15 The Holy Spirit also testifies to us about this. First he says: 16 "This is the covenant I will make with them after that time, says the Lord. I will put my laws in their hearts, and I will write them on their minds." 17 Then he adds: "Their sins and lawless acts I will remember no more." 18 And where these have been forgiven, there is no longer any sacrifice for sin." Hebrews 10:1-18

Christ's blood atoned for the sin of the O.T. believer. Christ's blood atones for the sin of the N.T. believer. Christ died for all sins once for all, to bring us to God. He made me perfect forever... my whole lifetime of sin will not be remembered and these have all been forgiven.

I am not talking like a Judaizer. Otherwise I would obligate you to be circumcised. Neither am I talking like a hypocrite. Otherwise I would be obligating you to do things I haven't accomplished... like loving as Christ loves (I'm not talking about once in a while... I'm talking about consistently- always- love never fails). John 15 states that I can do nothing apart from Him. How, then, would I be able to love like Christ- without Him accomplishing it in me?
Only God's grace can remove our past guilt. Nothing can remove present guilt because it is from present sin.
Do you believe anything can remove present sin?
If we don't repent of sin we will definitely go to hell like we deserve. We can be forgiven if we sin but only if we repent. Please do read Smock's "Walking in the Spirit" commentary on Romans 6,7,8.
I checked out this commentary. These conclusions remind me of the importance of Matthew 7:26 and James 1:22-25.
Huh? The law of Christ is love. It is the OT Jewish rituals and such that are no longer binding. As far as I know this has always been the belief of the mainstream churches throughout the world. Not that that makes it correct automatically, but are you not familiar with it?
I'm familiar with it. You stated that the OT [law] is no longer binding but you make love like the O.T. law... binding. Love cannot be produced by man... it is a fruit of the Spirit. We can do nothing apart from Him. The Law of Moses is all about love. Love fulfills the law. The old covenant required love by law. The new covenant, The Gospel, offers hope.

dseusy
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Re: What is sin?

Post by dseusy » Mon Jul 11, 2011 1:49 am

Steve7150,

You stated:
I would like to know though what would you consider to be Jesus commands and how would we be judged as to how well we followed these commands? Thanks.
I believe Matthew 5 is a great place to start concerning finding Jesus' commands.

As far as judgement goes, check out:

Matthew 7:1-2
Luke 6:37
John 3:17-21
Romans 2:1-3, 12, 16
1 Corinthians 11:31
Revelation 20:11-15

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benstenson
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Re: What is sin?

Post by benstenson » Mon Jul 11, 2011 6:20 pm

dseusy wrote:What I was trying to say is the Law of Moses was fulfilled by Jesus and so we are not bound to that law... we are no longer under it.
I agree.
But if we are under a "law of love" where to love is a prerequisite for salvation, we are responsible to obey it.
Of course.
Wasn't the Law of Moses a law of love?
Yes. But it was God's legislative application of the universal law of love for a particular nation at a particular time. We have to obey the law of love as it applies to us right now, not as it applied to the Jews.
What were the greatest commandments? Have these changed?
No, but we have been more perfectly instructed by His example.
Do you see the connection between laws?
Again, the law of Moses was God's legislative application of the universal law of love for a particular nation at a particular time. We have to obey the law of love as it applies to us right now, not as it applied to the Jews.
Do you recognize the penalty for disobedience to these laws?
The penalty for disobeying the law of Christ is far more severe than the penalty for disobeying the law of Moses.
Does the "law of Christ" or "law of love" carry a penalty?
Law without penalty is only advice or counsel. Law without penalty is not law at all. Law includes both precept and penalty.
If it is sin and the penalty is spiritual death, what will save us?
Jesus will save us if we trust and obey Him.
Christ's blood atoned for the sin of the O.T. believer. Christ's blood atones for the sin of the N.T. Believer.
I agree.
Christ died for all sins once for all, to bring us to God. He made me perfect forever... my whole lifetime of sin will not be remembered and these have all been forgiven.
God's forgiveness is conditional. Repentance is a condition of pardon.
John 15 states that I can do nothing apart from Him. How, then, would I be able to love like Christ- without Him accomplishing it in me?
Living apart from Jesus is a choice. We are not the ones who have to wait – He is the one that is waiting.
Do you believe anything can remove present sin?
PRESENT OBEDIENCE.
Love cannot be produced by man...
Wrong. Love is benevolence – the ultimate intention to promote the highest well-being of God and His kingdom. The ultimate intention of our will is by definition within our own power. God's law says to love Him with YOUR heart, YOUR soul, YOUR mind, and YOUR strength.
it is a fruit of the Spirit.
It is a false dichotomy to say something cannot be produced by man because it is a fruit of the Spirit. This presupposes inability and thus the need for metaphysical enabling. The Holy Spirit does not remove free will, or override free will, but convinces and persuades with truth. For example, you have the choice to allow yourself to be convinced and persuaded by the truth that I have been defending/explaining.
We can do nothing apart from Him.
His help is already available, He is practically begging us to take it! Therefore the ball is in our court as long as we have breath in our lungs.
The old covenant required love by law. The new covenant, The Gospel, offers hope.
The Gospel does both. There is no disagreement because we are able to love.

steve7150
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Re: What is sin?

Post by steve7150 » Mon Jul 11, 2011 6:45 pm

I believe Matthew 5 is a great place to start concerning finding Jesus' commands.

As far as judgement goes, check out:

Matthew 7:1-2
Luke 6:37
John 3:17-21
Romans 2:1-3, 12, 16
1 Corinthians 11:31
Revelation 20:11-15dseusy





Dseusy,
Thanks for the response but maybe i'm confused but i thought you had previously said Matt 5 were exhortations. However if they are commands and if we fall short , what would you do? Would you confess your sins or do you believe if all our sins are forgiven we just move on in some way. I'm not trying to trip you up , i'm interested in your viewpoint.

dseusy
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Re: What is sin?

Post by dseusy » Mon Jul 11, 2011 10:43 pm

Benstenson,

What is the penalty for disobeying the law of Christ?

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