Doug wrote:
I'm having a hard time thinking of an example of your approach (that avoiding sin is only associated with loving God, not avoiding punishment) from the Apostles' advice to people in scripture...Can you find an example outside of the gospels (I'm not granting your argument there, but I'm more interested in how the material there is played out in real life) where your approach is used?
And Homer added:
Important question; been looking forward to seeing it answered.
Is Jesus a good enough source? I think "If you love me, keep my commandments" is pretty straightforward on this.
I am not sure why texts in the gospels should be excluded from the survey, but if you are looking for the normative apostolic evangelism, I think every example in Acts (as I have often noted here and elsewhere) is precisely such an example. No sermon in the book of Acts relies on threats or scares to elicit conversions. In every case, the appeal is made to the hearers' respect for, and conscience toward, God and His prerogatives. Those who had no such respect, felt no conviction, but they were not further pursued with threats or bribes. You may check these for yourself. I have pointed them out numerous times, and will not look up the references again. The burden of proof is upon the one who claims that they used such motivators.
As for the separate issue of threats being made to Christians (as in Hebrews) about the dangers of apostasy, it is evident that these are addressed to people who, though once converted by respect for God's claims upon them, have obviously either drifted from this pure motivation or have misunderstood what it is God wants, and whether (in the case of Hebrews) God might allow a reversion to the older forms of worship which He ordained in the Old Testament.
People often need a jolt back to reality. If a once-dutiful child begins to drift into a rebellious mode, the dad may say, "If you do not snap out of it, and properly honor your mother and me, you will have to leave this home. Then where will you sleep and how will you eat?" It is clear that rebellious kids can often benefit from a swift kick in the pants, and, being brought to their senses, may return to their former proper obedience. Nonetheless, the parent will not be happy to have the child only remain in the home for the sake of meals and shelter. Honoring the parents is the goal, which must be an attitude of the heart, if the dad is to be satisfied. Bare, grudging obedience does not satisfy any parent—especially not God.
If Jesus and the New Testament teach nothing else clearly, they teach that God is looking for heartfelt love, not pretentious and opportunistic external compliance. In this thread, we are discussing the state of the person who, without threats of eternal torment, will not embrace Christ. This means that the person in question clearly does not love God or Christ, but only loves himself and knows what side of the bread the butter is on. If anyone at this forum would not recognize the hypocrisy of any such "obedience" and that there is little that God finds more revolting than such hypocrisy, then I have certainly overestimated the general biblical literacy of my correspondents. This is not deep stuff. It is the most elementary.
To be informed of potential benefits for right behavior is reassuring to those who are involved in such behavior, but if it turns into the primary (or sole) motivation for right behavior, it is counterproductive. When Jesus said, "Seek first the kingdom of God...
and all these things will be added unto you," He was reassuring His disciples that the choosing of such a narrow course would actually not leave them worse off. He never thought for a moment that His disciples should then superficially "seek" the kingdom primarily in order to obtain food and raiment (the things promised)!
Many may wonder how dangerous or costly it will be to follow God—though they are willing to do so at any cost. In Luke 14:26ff, Jesus makes it clear that one who will not hate his own life and family, who will not bear a cross, and who will not forsake all that he has, can never be a disciple (that is, a Christian). A man or woman must choose Christ even if it costs him or her everything, and benefits nothing. It is Christ's due. Yet there are promises made that God will provide all that one needs. These promises reassure the disciple that it will not be as risky and one might think, to place oneself wholly in God's hands. The mention of such things is a kindness, not a bribe.
Merlin Carothers, in the 70s, wrote three best-selling books about how, when certain people praised God in their trials, it often happened that their trials disappeared. No doubt this is true. Many readers took this as a promise, resulting in a rash of people "praising God" in trials as a deliberate attempt to manipulate circumstances. People were often not praising God sincerely out of love or admiration for Him, but as a device to gain relief from their trials. It is a great temptation for carnality, to use God's promises merely as a means of personal advantage. Those who believe that "godliness is a means of gain" are those from which we are to turn away. God has no pleasure in those who draw near to Him with their lips, but their hearts are far from Him.
I have brought this up before, but those who say that no one can serve God without selfish motivation seem to forget that even non-christians in the military often lay down their lives without having any concept of reward in this life or in the next. There are patriots in every nation who love their country disinterestedly. Apparently some feel that God is not capable of being loved similarly.
Those who think this, generally, believe in a god rather less lovable than the God who sent Jesus. He is not difficult to love, if anyone has come to know Him truly. Much of our traditional theology (e.g., about hell) has definitely painted a picture of a barely-loveable god, whom no one would serve apart from threats of torture. This is not the God Jesus revealed in word or in His person.
In affirming (as I have been saying since my teen years) that I would serve Christ even if there were no rewards or punishments to consider, I know I am telling the truth, and I never thought of it as a boast. I simply have considered this to be the biblical attitude of those who love God—who, until recently, I assumed, included virtually every Christian I knew. I thought all of my Christian friends knew the same Jesus and served Him for the same reasons I do. I will say that life has proved to be full of surprises.